Double-acting engine



Aug. 7, 1928.

C. E. KEAS DOUBLE ACTING ENGINE .Filed Feb. 21, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet l I/vs/l/vo P. darles fla/00d hfas.

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Aug. 7, 192s. 1,679,668

C. E. KEAS DOUBLE ACTING ENGINE Filed Feb. 2l,v 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Aug.y 7, 1928.

g UNITED STATES CHARLES ELWooD xEAs, or Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA. Y

DOUBLE-ACTING ENGINE.

' vApplication filed February 21, 1923. `Serial No. 620,478. v

LMy invention relates to that type of double acting engine in .which there vis an eX- plosion in each end of the cylinder, and the object of myl invention is to provide such anV engine which vwill be practical, simple and economical and which will be more efficient .than anything,

produced.

Other objects of my invention are to proof the character yet vide in an engine of the character referred.

carbon` therein; to provide a double piston g be of less Weight thanthe standard Amotor yof in each cylinder, with connecting means outside of the cylinder, the pistons of two cylinders being preferably connected to the same connecting rod; to provide means from the same crank whicliis connected to the pistons for connecting to and operating the sleeves in said cylinders; to provide a construction and arrangement ofdouble acting engine which will permit of a shorter cylinder and the single acting type. Other'- advantages will be apparent from the following description ofone practical embodiment of my invention, taken in connection yWith the accompanying sheet of drawings. In the drawings;- v v Figure 1 is a transversevertical sectional `view through ventiOn; 1 v

- Figure 2 is a similar view at right angles to the view in Fig. 1; and Figure 3 isa cross sectional view on line 3-3, of Fig, 2'.

Referring more in detail to tliedrawings, I have shown one unit of two cylinders for purposes offdescription, vbut it is to beunderstood that any number of lunits can be used together, as may be desired. v

In the drawings, 1, designates a cylinder block, with two cylinders, 2 and 3, therein, and with the 'water jackets, 4, 4, formed varound portions `of the cylinder.V Between the cylinders `is an open space 5, and at the opposite outer sides, .the walls of the cylinders arepro'vided with longitudinally'extending slots, 6, with side plates'of sheet a'n engine embodying my inmetal, as 7 7, mounted over said slots, at a space therefrom, substantially as shown.

PATENT oFF-ICE.y

The cylindershave both ends closed, as in- 'l dicated, and at the lower end of the cylinder: block is a crank case, 8, with a crank shaft,49, mounted therein, said crank shaft having the longer crank arms, 9, 9, and the shorter crank arms, 9b, 9", withthe bearings, 9, 9c, f

and 91. 1 Mounted in the cylinders are two double pistons, 10, 10, there beingl two pistonsin eachcylinder,connected by aV cross-like ,tie rod, .11, through which extendsa wrist pin 12, said wrist pin 12 extending through from onecylinder to the other, throughqthe 4slots in the sides of the cylinders, as clearly indicated in Fig. 2. The outer ends of said wrist pin are connected by meai'is of connecting rods,13, 13, with the bearings 9, 9?, of the crank 9, in the crank case. Mounted within each cylinder, around the pistons, is

a sleeve, 14, also having in its opposite sides short slots, 14214, through which the wrist pin 12 works, as will be clear from Fig. 2. Each sleeve 14, is provided inside with a bearing lug 14?, with a Wrist pin 15, extend? ing from one sleeve tothe other, through the slots, 14, 14. A connecting rod, 16, connects said wrist pin 15 with the bearing 9d of the crank 9. It' will be noted that the connecting rod 16, Which connects the sleeves, 14, 14 with the crank, 9, has only about half the movement of the connecting rods 13, 13, and that they move the sleeves 14, 14, only aboutv half the distance traveled by the pistons, and at about halfvthe speed,-

and in the'same direction. .The purpose of the sleeves is to cover up the slots in the sides of the pistons. Thisy construction enables me to usemuch shorter pistons and cylinders. of the piston in half since it moves in the same direction with the piston moving therein. The usual poppet valvesv 17, 17, are provided substantially asl shown, operated by ymeans of a cam shaft, 18 and cam 19, with springs, 20, 20, normally closing said valves,

vas will be clear from the showing made.

These valves .are arrangggedv in Vpairs in the usual manner to govern the intakey and eX- The sleeve also cuts the surface speed I haust, and are properly timed as to their ing and description.

They operation of the engine Will be clear operation, but as this iswell'known construcp tion, need not be made detailed as to showlfrom Vtheshovving. made and the description thereof, but attention is called to the fact that when an explosion is takingk place in one end of a cylinder', a compression is taking` place in the other, while in the other cylinder of each pair an intake is taking place in one end and an exhaust is taking place in the other end thereof. It is understood, of course, that a four cycle motor is described. The cycle'of the cylinders may be stated as follows, to-wit-upper left cylinder:` explosion, exhaust, intake and compression. Lower left cylinder: compression, explosion, exhaust and intake. Upper' right cylinder zintake, compression, explosion and exhaust. Lower right cylinder: exhaust, intake, compression, and explosion.

I do not limit my invention to the details of construction and arr ngement here shown for purposes of illustration, except as I may be limited by the hereto claims, knowing that many changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim: y

1. In an engine of the character referred to, in combination, two pairs of cylinders, each pair being side by side and the cylinders of one pair being in axial alineinent with the cylinders of the other pair, two pairs of double pistons, a single wrist pin between the upper and lower pistons and with which said pistons are connectedwvhereby all move together as a unit, said pistons movi-ng within said cylinders, respectively, a crank, and operating connections from the outside opposite ends of said wrist pin to said'crank.

2. In an engine, in combination a cylinder block having two cylinders at each end thereof, two double pistons, a wrist pin between the upper and lower pistons and connections from said double pistons to said wrist pin, whereby said wrist pin and said four pistons move together `as a unit, a crank case and crank therein, connections from the opposite ends of said wrist pin to said crank, and inlet and exhaust valve mechanism for controlling the intake and exhaust from said cylinders.

3.l In' an engine of the character referred to, a pair of cylinders, double pistons in each cylinder, a wrist pi-n connection through the sides of the cylinders to `said pistons, a crank case and crank, a connecting rod from said wrist pin to said crank, whereby said double pistons in both cylinders move as a unit with said connecting rod and said crank, and a sleeve in each cylinder, within which the pistons move, said sleeve moving with the pistons and in the same direction.

4. In an engine of the character referred to, a pair of cylinders, double pistons in each cylinder, a wrist pin connection through the sides of the cylinders to said pistons, a crank case and crank, a connecting rod from said wrist pin tol said crank, a sleeve in each cylinder within which the pistons therein move, a connecting rod from said crank to said sleeve for moving said sleeve with the pistons, and lmeans for connocting said rods through the sides of thev cylinders and said sleeves to said pistons and said sleeves, substantially as described.

5. In an engine of the character described, in combination, two cylinders closed at their opposite ends, double pistons therein, means connecting the pistons of both cylinders together through slots in the sides of said cylinders, a crank case and c'ank therein, connecting rods from said crank to the connecting means of saidpist-ons, sleeves in said cylinders and around said pistons, and means for moving said sleeves with said pistons.

6. In an engine of the character described, a. cylinder having bothy ends closed and having slots through its oppositesides, a. sleeve sliding within said cylinderI to cover said slots which said sleeve does not actas a valve, a piston within said sleeve, a crank case and crank therein, a connecting rod from said crank and attached through said slots in said cylinder Wall and through said sleeve to said piston, valve-controlled inlet and outlet openings to both ends of said cylinder, and means` whereby Said sleeve is caused to move with said pistonv and in the same direction.

7. In an engine of the character described, two cylinders side byy side withtheir bot-h ends closed and having slots through their` sides, sleeves in said cylinders to cover said slots, pistons in said sleeves in said cylinders, a crank outside of said'cylinders, a connecting rod from said crank and vconnected through the slots in said cylinders tol said pistons, a connecting rod from said crank to said sleeves for moving them with said pistons, and means whereby the sleeves are moved in the same direction a less distance and at a slower speed than said pistons, substantially as described. n

8. In an engine, in combination, a cylinder block with two cylinders therein having both ends closed and having slots Vthrough their sides and having a space therebetween, a sleeve in each cylinder to cover said slots, a` piston in each cylinder, within said sleeve,

a wrist pin connection from one piston,

from the opposite ends of said cylinders,

substantially as shown and described.

9. In an engine, incombination, two cylinders mounted together and each having both ends closed and having slots through its sides, a sleeve in each c linder to cover said slots, a. double piston 1n each sleeve, a connecting wrist pin through said linders from one piston to the other, connectmg rods from said wrist pin at the opposite sides of said cylinders, a connecting rod from said sleeves and between said cylinders, a crank, said connecting rods being connected to said crank, said crank being adapted to drive said pistons and sleeves at different speeds in thevsame direction and valve-controlled inlet and exhaust openings in said cylinders. g 10. In an engine, in combination, a cylinder having longitudinally extending slots in its sides, a double piston therein, a moving sleeve interposed between said piston and' said cylinder and within which said piston moves, crank connecting rods connected through said slots in the cylinder and through the Wall of said sleeve to said pis- 11. In an engine, 1n combination, a cylinder having slots through its side extending ,i

longitudinally thereof, a sleeve sliding within said cylinder to cover said slots, a double piston within said sleeve and movable ytherein, a crank, and connections from said crank to said double piston and to said sleeve whereby the same are moved at different speeds in the sume direction and for different distances, and valve controlled inlets and outlets at the opposite ends of said cylinder and independent of said sleeve.

n Si ned at Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, elifornia, this 15th day of February, 1923.

v CHARLES ELWOOD KEAS. 

